The AirDrop restrictions triggered a hunger strike at Apple's headquarters. Apple reportedly limited the AirDrop function in China just weeks before 2022 COVID-19 protests in China. Use in protests įollowing the 2022 Beijing Sitong Bridge protest, users in China used AirDrop to distribute similar protest posters and slogans. The technical details of AirDrop and the proprietary peer-to-peer Wi-Fi protocol called Apple Wireless Direct Link (AWDL) have been reverse engineered and the resulting open source implementations published as OWL ĭuring the initial handshake devices exchange full SHA-256 hashes of users' phone numbers and email addresses, which might be used by attackers to infer the phone numbers and in some cases email addresses themselves. The Wi-Fi radios of the source and target devices communicate directly without using an Internet connection or Wi-Fi Access Point. (Both devices are not required to be connected to the same Wi-Fi network.)ĪirDrop uses TLS encryption over a direct Apple-created peer-to-peer Wi-Fi connection for transferring files. To transfer files between a Mac and an iPhone, iPad or iPod touch, the following minimum requirements have to be met: All iOS devices with AirDrop are supported with iOS 8 or later: īluetooth and Wi-Fi have to be turned on for both Mac and iOS devices. Transfer between a Mac and an iOS device System limitations Transfer between two iOS devices ĪirDrop can be enabled unofficially on iPad (3rd generation) by jailbreaking the device and installing "AirDrop Enabler 7.0+" from Cydia. Furthermore, files are not automatically accepted, but instead give a prompt asking to receive or decline the file sent. ĪirDrop must be selected in a Finder window sidebar to be able to transfer files. On Macs running OS X 10.8.1 or later, it can also be accessed through the menu option Go → AirDrop or by pressing ⇧ Shift+ ⌘ Cmd+ R. On Macs running OS X 10.7 and greater, AirDrop is available in the Finder window sidebar. AirDrop is subject to a number of restrictions on iOS, such as the inability to share music or videos from the native apps. If an application implements AirDrop support, it is available through the share button. In iOS 16.2 or later, the Everyone option reverts to Contacts Only after 10 minutes. No one can see the device (AirDrop disabled).Options for controlling AirDrop discovery by other devices include: NFC can also be utilized to initiate a transfer in iOS 17 or later. Both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth are automatically switched on when AirDrop is enabled as they are both utilized. On iOS 7 and later, AirDrop can be accessed by either tapping on Settings > General > AirDrop, or via the Control Center. Īpple reveals no limit on the size of the file which AirDrop can transfer. Legacy mode for the old AirDrop protocol (which only uses Wi-Fi) between a 2012 or older Mac computer (or a computer running OS X Lion through OS X Mavericks) and another Mac computer was also available until macOS Mojave. OS X Yosemite and later support the iOS AirDrop protocol, which is used for transfers between a Mac and an iOS device as well as between two 2012 or newer Mac computers, and which uses both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Prior to OS X Yosemite (OS X 10.10), and under OS X Lion, Mountain Lion, and Mavericks (OS X 10.7–10.9, respectively) the AirDrop protocol in macOS was different from the AirDrop protocol of iOS, and the two were therefore not interoperable. This communication takes place over Apple Wireless Direct Link 'Action Frames' and 'Data Frames' using generated link-local IPv6 addresses instead of the Wi-Fi chip's fixed MAC address. AirDrop is a proprietary wireless ad hoc service in Apple Inc.'s iOS and macOS operating systems, introduced in Mac OS X Lion (Mac OS X 10.7) and iOS 7, which can transfer files among supported Macintosh computers and iOS devices by means of close-range wireless communication.
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